Bathymetry is the study of the underwater depth of sea and ocean floors, lake floors, and river floors. It has been carried out for more than 3,000 years, with the first recorded evidence of measurements of water depth occurring in ancient Egypt. Bathymetric measurements are conducted with various methods, including depth sounding, sonar and lidar techniques, buoys, and satellite altimetry. However, despite modern computer-based research, the depth of the seabed of Earth remains less well measured in many locations than the topography of Mars. Bathymetry has various uses, including the production of bathymetric charts to guide vessels and identify underwater hazards, the study of marine life near the bottom of bodies of water, coastline analysis, and ocean dynamics, including predicting currents and tides. This video, created by the Scientific Visualization Studio at NASA's Goddard Space Flight Center, simulates the effect on a satellite world map of a gradual decrease in worldwide sea levels. As the sea level drops, more seabed is exposed in shades of brown, producing a bathymetric map of the world. Continental shelves appear mostly by a depth of 140 meters (460 ft), mid-ocean ridges by 3,000 meters (9,800 ft), and oceanic trenches at depths beyond 6,000 meters (20,000 ft). The video ends at a depth of 10,190 meters (33,430 ft) below sea level – the approximate depth of the Challenger Deep, the deepest known point of the seabed.Video credit: NASA / Goddard Space Flight Center / Horace Mitchell, and James O'Donoghue
... that British war correspondent Ian Fyfe was killed on D-Day while landing in a glider with troops attacking the Merville Gun Battery?
... that the 1976 Philippine film Itim was described as "one of the most remarkable debuts in cinema history" in a 2022 retrospective at the Museum of Modern Art?
... that the only death from the Belvidere Apollo Theatre collapse was the one audience member who bought a concert t-shirt from Crypta that night, according to their lead singer?
... that in the 1980s, when Moturoa Island lost all its endangered kiwi to pests, experts reintroduced seven birds – today there could be as many as 300 kiwi on the island?
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It is so terribly sad that I have to explain that the above is a JOKE
If you can keep your head when all about you
Are losing theirs and blaming it on you,
If you can trust yourself when all men doubt you
But make allowance for their doubting too,
If you can wait and not be tired by waiting,
Or being lied about, don't deal in lies,
Or being hated, don't give way to hating,
And yet don't look too good, nor talk too wise:
If you can dream--and not make dreams your master,
If you can think--and not make thoughts your aim;
If you can meet with Triumph and Disaster
And treat those two impostors just the same;
If you can bear to hear the truth you've spoken
Twisted by knaves to make a trap for fools,
Or watch the things you gave your life to, broken,
And stoop and build 'em up with worn-out tools:
If you can make one heap of all your winnings
And risk it all on one turn of pitch-and-toss,
And lose, and start again at your beginnings
And never breath a word about your loss;
If you can force your heart and nerve and sinew
To serve your turn long after they are gone,
And so hold on when there is nothing in you
Except the Will which says to them: "Hold on!"
If you can talk with crowds and keep your virtue,
Or walk with kings--nor lose the common touch,
If neither foes nor loving friends can hurt you;
If all men count with you, but none too much,
If you can fill the unforgiving minute
With sixty seconds' worth of distance run,
Yours is the Earth and everything that's in it,
And--which is more--you'll be a Man, my son!