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Eddie Robinson (American football coach)

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Eddie Robinson
Robinson c. 1980
Biographical details
Born(1919-02-13)February 13, 1919
Jackson, Louisiana, U.S.
DiedApril 3, 2007(2007-04-03) (aged 88)
Ruston, Louisiana, U.S.
Alma materLeland College
University of Iowa
Coaching career (HC unless noted)
Football
1941–1997Grambling State
Basketball
1943–1956Grambling State
Head coaching record
Overall408–165–15 (football)
Bowls10–6
Tournaments0–3 (NCAA DI–AA playoffs)
Accomplishments and honors
Championships
Football
9 black college national (1955, 1967, 1972, 1974–1975, 1977, 1980, 1983, 1992)
17 SWAC (1960, 1965–1968, 1971–1974, 1977–1980, 1983, 1985, 1989, 1994)
College Football Hall of Fame
Inducted in 1997 (profile)

Eddie Gay Robinson Sr. (February 13, 1919 – April 3, 2007) was an American football coach. For 56 years, from 1941 to 1942 and again from 1945 to 1997, he was the head coach at Grambling State University, a historically black university (HBCU) in Grambling, Louisiana. During a period in college football history when black players were not allowed to play for southern college programs, Robinson built Grambling State into a "small" college football powerhouse. He retired in 1997 with a record of 408–165–15.

Robinson was inducted into the College Football Hall of Fame in 1997. The Black College All Star Bowl award for outstanding NFL rookies, the Los Angeles Football Classic Foundation's HBCU championship award, and the Football Writers Association of America's Eddie Robinson Award are all named for him. Super Bowl XXXII, played at Qualcomm Stadium in San Diego, was dedicated to Robinson.

Biography

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Robinson was born in Jackson in East Feliciana Parish in South Louisiana, to the son of a sharecropper and a domestic worker. He graduated in 1937 from McKinley Senior High School in the capital city of Baton Rouge, Louisiana and briefly attended Southern University there. He then played quarterback and earned his bachelor's degree in English at unaccredited Leland College in Baker, Louisiana,[1] before obtaining his master's degree in 1954 from the University of Iowa in Iowa City—at which he was a member of Alpha Phi Alpha fraternity.

Career

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Robinson began his coaching career at Louisiana Negro Normal and Industrial Institute (now Grambling State University).[2] He applied for the job and was hired by the school's president and baseball coach, Ralph Waldo Emerson Jones. In his first year the team went 3–5–1, but the following season—during which he recruited new players and dismissed those who did not live up to his expectations—the Tigers had a perfect 9–0 season, going unbeaten, untied, and unscored upon.[3]

Robinson returned to the field in 1945, and remained at the school, which became Grambling College in 1946 and Grambling State University in 1973, until his retirement in 1997.[4]

More than 200 of his players went on to play in the National Football League, American Football League, and Canadian Football League. Robinson coached three AFL players who would later be inducted to the Pro Football Hall of Fame: the Kansas City Chiefs' Buck Buchanan; the Oakland Raiders' Willie Brown; and the San Diego Chargers' Charlie Joiner. Robinson also coached James Harris, who with the AFL's Buffalo Bills became the first black quarterback in modern Pro Football history to start at that position in a season opener. He also coached Packers defensive end and Hall of Famer Willie Davis and the Super Bowl XXII MVP, Redskins quarterback Doug Williams, who would ultimately succeed Robinson as Grambling's head coach in 1998.

During his coaching career, Robinson compiled 45 winning seasons, including winning or sharing 17 Southwestern Athletic Conference championships and nine black college football national championships.[5] He was winless in his three NCAA playoff appearances.

Enormous publicity attended Robinson's record-breaking win with Grambling State in 1985. Some observers feared that the coach would become the target of white hatred, much as Henry Aaron had when he broke Babe Ruth's home run record. Instead Robinson reported that he did not receive a single hate letter, even from the legion of southern fans who worshipped Bear Bryant. When asked if his record was somehow tarnished by the fact that his team played most of its games against Division I-AA caliber competition, Robinson told Sports Illustrated: "I grew up in the South. I was told where to attend elementary school, where to attend junior high school, where to attend high school. When I became a coach, I was told who I could recruit, who I could play, where I could play and when I could play. I did what I could within the system." He added that his philosophy had always been "whatever league you're in, whatever level, win there."

Eddie Robinson held several jobs other than football coach, including teaching at Grambling High School, and coaching the girls basketball team during World War II. His girls team lost the state championship by 1 point. He also coached boys basketball, baseball, directed the band, and was in charge of the cheerleaders—with a budget of $46.

In the days of segregation, Robinson had the pick of most of the good black high school football players in Louisiana, usually dividing them with Southern–a major reason why the game between the two schools was a major in-state rivalry long before it was moved to New Orleans as the Bayou Classic in 1974. He was able to maintain his success for much of the time after integration, recording just one losing season between 1960 and 1990. However, after three consecutive losing seasons in the mid-1990s, pressure mounted for the now 78-year old coach to resign. Fellow college coach Joe Paterno is quoted in the Grambling State press guide as saying, "Nobody has ever done or ever will do what Eddie Robinson has done for the game... Our profession will never, ever be able to repay Eddie Robinson for what he has done for the country and the profession of football."

In 1997 news escaped that Grambling was planning to dismiss him in mid-season. Public outcry—including condemnation from Louisiana elected officials like then-Gov. Mike Foster[6]—led Grambling to retain Robinson's services through the remainder of the season.

Robinson developed Alzheimer's disease after his retirement.[7] He died on April 3, 2007, at Lincoln General Hospital in Ruston, Louisiana, after having been admitted earlier in the day.[8]

Robinson and his wife, Doris, who died at the age of ninety-six in September 2015,[9] had two children; Eddie, Jr. and Lillian Rose Robinson.

Awards and honors

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In 1979 the Black College All Star Bowl committee named its award for outstanding NFL rookies from HBCUs the "Eddie G. Robinson Trophy;" its inaugural winner was Doug Williams.[10] Grambling named its football facility, built in 1983, Eddie Robinson Stadium. A street on GSU's campus is also named for him.[11] In 1985 South 13th Street in Baton Rouge was renamed for him.[12] The Los Angeles Football Classic Foundation's HBCU championship award was called the "Eddie G. Robinson Trophy" in 1988.[13] Beginning in 1994, a different Eddie Robinson Trophy was awarded in Atlanta to the top HBCU player of the year.[14] In 1997 the Football Writers Association of America's Eddie Robinson Award was renamed for him.[12] The Eddie Robinson Classic (held from 1997 to 2002) was named for him. The American Urban Radio Networks has sponsored an award for HBCU coaches called the "SBN Eddie Robinson Coach of the Year;" it was won by Grambling's own Broderick Fobbs in 2014.[15] The Eddie G. Robinson Classic series of high school football games, begun in 2015, was also named after him.[16]

Robinson received the Amos Alonzo Stagg Award from the American Football Coaches Association (AFCA) in 1982 and the Amos Alonzo Stagg Coaching Award from the United States Sports Academy in 1985. Robinson was the 1992 winner of the Bobby Dodd Coach of the Year Award, which was established to honor the NCAA Division I football coach whose team excels on the field, in the classroom, and in the community; the award is named for Bobby Dodd, longtime head football coach of the Georgia Tech Yellow Jackets and was established in 1976 to honor the values that Dodd exemplified.[17] Robinson was awarded the General Robert R. Neyland trophy by the Knoxville Quarterback club in 1999.[18]

Super Bowl XXXII, played at Qualcomm Stadium in San Diego, was dedicated to Robinson. He was accompanied onto the field by Williams and Joe Gibbs to perform the ceremonial coin toss.

Eddie G. Robinson Museum on the campus of Grambling State University

Museum

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In 2010, the Eddie G. Robinson Museum opened on GSU's campus.[19] The museum chronicles and celebrates the major accomplishments of the G-Men football program and former head coach Eddie Robinson.[20] The museum is 18,000 square feet and cost approximately $3.3 million to complete.[21]

In media

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In the 1981 TV movie Grambling's White Tiger set in the 1960s, about the true story of Jim Gregory, the first white quarterback at Grambling, Robinson is played by Harry Belafonte.

Head coaching record

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Football

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Today's Grambling State University was Grambling College from 1946 through 1973.
It was Louisiana Negro Normal and Industrial Institute (commonly Louisiana Normal) from 1928 through 1945.

Year Team Overall Conference Standing Bowl/playoffs NCAA# TSN°
Louisiana Normal / Grambling Tigers (Independent) (1941–1951)
1941* Louisiana Normal 1–5–1
1942* Louisiana Normal 9–0
1943* No team—World War II
1944* No team—World War II
1945* Louisiana Normal 10–2 W Flower[22]
1946* Grambling 6–6 W Lions
1947* Grambling 10–2 L Vulcan
1948* Grambling 8–2
1949 Grambling 7–3–2
1950 Grambling 6–4–1
1951 Grambling 3–5–1
Grambling Tigers (Midwest Athletic Association) (1952–1957)
1952 Grambling 7–3–1 1–1–1 4th
1953 Grambling 8–2 2–1 T–3rd
1955 Grambling 4–3–2 1–0–1 2nd
1955 Grambling 10–0 2–0 W Orange Blossom Classic
1956 Grambling 8–1 1–1 T–2nd
1957 Grambling 4–4 0–1 5th
Grambling / Grambling State Tigers (Southwestern Athletic Conference) (1958–1997)
1958 Grambling 6–3 1–3 6th
1959 Grambling 4–6 2–5 T–5th
1960 Grambling 9–1 6–1 T–1st
1961 Grambling 8–2 5–2 T–2nd
1962 Grambling 6–2–2 3–2–2 T–3rd
1963 Grambling 5–3–1 3–3–1 T–4th
1964 Grambling 9–2 6–1 2nd L Orange Blossom Classic
1965 Grambling 8–3 6–1 1st L Pecan
1966 Grambling 6–2–1 4–2–1 T–1st
1967 Grambling 9–1 6–1 1st W Orange Blossom Classic
1968 Grambling 9–2 6–1 1st W Pasadena
1969 Grambling 6–4 5–2 3rd L Orange Blossom Classic
1970 Grambling 9–2 5–1 2nd
1971 Grambling 9–2 5–1 1st
1972 Grambling 11–2 5–1 T–1st W Pelican
1973 Grambling 10–3 5–1 T–1st W Boardwalk (Division II first round)
L Grantland Rice (Division II semifinal)
1974 Grambling State 11–1 5–1 T–1st W Pelican
1975 Grambling State 10–2 4–2 T–1st
1976 Grambling State 8–4 4–2 T–2nd
1977 Grambling State 10–1 6–0 1st W Mirage
1978 Grambling State 9–1–1 5–0–1 1st L Orange Blossom Classic
1979 Grambling State 8–3 5–1 T–1st 1
1980 Grambling State 10–2 5–1 T–1st L NCAA Division I-AA Semifinal 2
1981 Grambling State 6–4–1 4–1–1 2nd
1982 Grambling State 8–3 5–1 2nd 10
1983 Grambling State 8–1–2 6–0–1 1st 10
1984 Grambling State 7–4 5–2 3rd
1985 Grambling State 9–3 6–1 1st L NCAA Division I-AA First Round 8
1986 Grambling State 7–4 4–3 T–3rd
1987 Grambling State 5–6 3–4 T–5th
1988 Grambling State 8–3 5–2 2nd 18
1989 Grambling State 9–3 7–0 1st L NCAA Division I-AA First Round 19
1990 Grambling State 8–3 3–3 T–3rd
1991 Grambling State 5–6 3–4 T–6th
1992 Grambling State 10–2 6–1 2nd W Heritage
1993 Grambling State 7–4 4–3 3rd
1994 Grambling State 9–3 6–1 T–1st L Heritage 7
1995 Grambling State 5–6 4–3 4th
1996 Grambling State 3–8 2–5 T–6th
1997 Grambling State 3–8 2–6 T–7th
Louisiana Normal / Grambling / Grambling State: 408–165–15[23] 189–79–9
Total: 408–165–15
      National championship         Conference title         Conference division title or championship game berth
  • Grambling was not an accredited college until 1949.

See also

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References

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  1. ^ Joe Planas (October 7, 1985). "Robinson moves out front to bask in splendid glory". Baton Rouge Morning Advocate (sec. D, p. 1).
  2. ^ "Eddie Robinson 1919--2007".
  3. ^ "Eddie G. Robinson Museum".
  4. ^ "Eddie Robinson: African American football legend".
  5. ^ EDDIE ROBINSON: 1919-2007 - Robinson's Record Archived 2007-06-14 at the Wayback Machine. The Advocate. April 5, 2007
  6. ^ "Farewell loss can't tarnish Robinson's winning legacy". southcoasttoday.com. November 30, 1997. Retrieved February 19, 2017.
  7. ^ Foster, Mary (August 2, 2004). "Ex-Grambling Coach Endures Alzheimer's". Associated Press. Archived from the original on August 3, 2004. Retrieved November 26, 2015.
  8. ^ Foster, Mary (April 4, 2007). "Legendary Grambling coach Robinson dies". Associated Press. Archived from the original on April 4, 2007. Retrieved November 26, 2015.
  9. ^ "College Football News, Videos, Scores, Teams, Standings, Stats".
  10. ^ "Black College Bowl Honors NFL Rookie Doug Williams". Jet (vol. 55, no. 16, p. 52). Johnson Publishing Company. January 4, 1979.
  11. ^ "Eddie G. Robinson". encyclopedia.com. 2007. Retrieved December 11, 2015.
  12. ^ a b "Accomplishments". robinsonmuseum.com. Retrieved December 11, 2015.
  13. ^ "Central State Marauders, 'Tank' Younger Feted In L.A." Jet. May 22, 1989. p. 49.
  14. ^ "Eddie Robinson Trophy to be awarded". Deseret News (sec. D, p. 2). September 21, 1994.
  15. ^ "Fobbs Named the Eddie Robinson Coach of the Year". gsutigers.com. January 22, 2015. Retrieved December 11, 2015.
  16. ^ "Introducing the Inaugural Eddie G. Robinson Classic". egrobinsonclassic.com. 2015. Archived from the original on December 22, 2015. Retrieved January 31, 2018.
  17. ^ "Bobby Dodd Coach of the Year Foundation—Past Winners". Bobby Dodd Foundation. Archived from the original on December 1, 2008. Retrieved December 17, 2012.
  18. ^ "General Robert R Neyland Trophy". knoxqbclub.com. Retrieved January 31, 2018.
  19. ^ Samuel G. Freedman (February 12, 2010). "Louisiana Museum Confronts Segregation". The New York Times. Retrieved December 11, 2015.
  20. ^ "The scenic route: Simsboro to the Mississippi River".
  21. ^ Freedman, Samuel G. (February 12, 2010). "Louisiana Museum Confronts Segregation". The New York Times.
  22. ^ AP (January 2, 1946). "Louisiana Normal Is Flower Bowl Victor". Lubbock Morning Avalanche. Lubbock, Texas. Retrieved February 18, 2017 – via newspapers.com.
  23. ^ "Eddie G. Robinson Museum".
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